Between discontent and rejection: the actions of the first major chaplain of the New Settlements of Andalusia against the religious policy of Pablo de Olavide
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Abstract
This article aims to analyze the gradual dismantling of the model of Enlightenment religiosity promoted by Pablo de Olavide in the New Settlements of Carlos III following his detention by the Inquisition. To this end, the case of La Carlota will be briefly examined, where the senior chaplain played a key role in transforming the original devotional program. Under Olavide’s direction, religious practices had been marked by a strict limitation of popular cults, with particular emphasis on the exclusive promotion of devotion to the Immaculate Conception. However, after his downfall, a notable increase can be observed in the number of images and altars dedicated to widely venerated saints such as Saint Anthony of Padua and Saint Joseph. In La Carlota, this evolution was actively encouraged by the senior chaplain, who promoted the acquisition and installation of new sculptures intended to meet the devotional needs of the settlers. Thus, this study reveals how, through local initiatives and within a broader context of the retreat of Enlightenment ideals, a more traditional religiosity was progressively reinstated in the parishes of Sierra Morena and Andalusia, thereby altering the original cultic uniformity project envisioned by Olavide.
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